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📝 Update README to reflect the recent changes #37

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120 changes: 68 additions & 52 deletions README.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,80 +1,96 @@
# dns
# 🌐 MoJ DNS Management

[![repo standards badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint?labelColor=231f20&color=005ea5&style=for-the-badge&label=MoJ%20Compliant&url=https%3A%2F%2Foperations-engineering-reports.cloud-platform.service.justice.gov.uk%2Fapi%2Fv1%2Fcompliant_public_repositories%2Fendpoint%2Fdns&logo=data:image/png;base64,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)](https://operations-engineering-reports.cloud-platform.service.justice.gov.uk/public-report/dns)
[![repo standards badge](https://img.shields.io/endpoint?labelColor=231f20&color=005ea5&style=for-the-badge&label=MoJ%20Compliant&url=https%3A%2F%2Foperations-engineering-reports.cloud-platform.service.justice.gov.uk%2Fapi%2Fv2%2Fcompliant-repository%2Fdns&logo=data:image/png;base64,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)](https://operations-engineering-reports-prod.cloud-platform.service.justice.gov.uk/public-report/dns)

This repo currently contains dumps of the existing `dsd.io` and
`justice.gov.uk` hosted zones, as well as tools for bulk-registration of
domains and managing our defensive domains estate (for which this
repository is the source of truth, and will override changes made in Route53).
This repository manages DNS records for the Ministry of Justice using [octoDNS](https://github.com/octodns/octodns). It provides a streamlined, code-based approach to DNS management, ensuring consistency and enabling version control for our DNS records.

It uses [OctoDNS](https://github.com/github/octodns) for the bulk of
its interactions with our DNS provider (Route53).
## Repository Structure

## `dsd.io` and `justice.gov.uk` dumps

Exported with octodns to the `output/` folder in this repo. See upstream docs for details on usage.

The simplest way to dump a single zone is:
```
octodns-dump --config-file config/mojdsd.yaml --lenient --output-dir output/ <zone-name> route53
.
├── .github/ # GitHub Actions workflows
├── hostedzones/ # DNS zone files
├── .gitignore
├── LICENSE
├── Makefile
├── README.md
├── config.yaml # octoDNS configuration
└── requirements.txt # Python dependencies
```

## Domain registration
## How It Works

To register a batch of domains, call the `register-domains.sh` script like this:
1. DNS records are stored as YAML files in the `hostedzones/` directory. Each file represents a single hosted zone and contains all records for that zone.

```bash
$ ./script/register-domains.sh first-domain.com second-domain.net third-domain.org
2. Changes are proposed via Pull Requests.

3. A CI/CD pipeline runs `octodns-sync` in dry-run mode for each PR, allowing for review of proposed changes.

4. Upon merging to the `main` branch, changes are automatically applied to our Route53 hosted zones.

## Making Changes

1. Clone this repository.
2. Create a new branch for your changes.
3. Edit the appropriate zone file in the `hostedzones/` directory.
4. Ensure changes are made in alphabetical order within the file.
5. Commit your changes and create a Pull Request.

Example of adding a new A record to `example.com.yaml`:

```yaml
---
'':
type: A
values:
- 192.0.2.1
api:
type: CNAME
value: api.example.net.
# New record (note alphabetical order)
blog:
type: A
values:
- 203.0.113.10
www:
type: CNAME
value: example.com.
```

It will use your existing AWS CLI credentials, and register the domains
in your default account. For the moment, there is no way to change this,
so if registering domains, please ensure you're using `mojdsd` as your
default account, as that's where we currently keep our domains.
## Configuration

## Defensive domain management
The `config.yaml` file is set up dynamically to encompass all hosted zones in the mojdsd AWS account. We use the `lenient` option due to historical non-uniform record creation.

We have hundreds of defensively-registered domains, and need to [apply the same DNS records](https://ministryofjustice.github.io/security-guidance/defensive-domain-registration/#defensive-domain-registrations) to all of them. Unfortunately, at the
time of writing, [OctoDNS doesn't support applying records to multiple
zones](https://github.com/github/octodns/issues/7), so we're using
[Make](https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html) to automate
generation of OctoDNS config for each domain.
## CI/CD Pipeline

This repository's code is the source of truth for our defensive domain
config, and the list of repos *should* be complete.
- Pull Requests: Triggers a dry-run of `octodns-sync` to preview changes.
- Merge to `main`: Applies changes to Route53 using `octodns-sync --doit`. Changes typically take about 2 minutes to propagate.

### Managing defensive domain DNS config
## AWS IAM User

All our defensive domains are listed in `defensive-domains/domains.mk`,
as a single `$DEFENSIVE_DOMAINS` variable that contains a
whitespace-separated string which Make can then use to generate separate
OctoDNS config files for each of them (output to
`defensive-domains/config/<domain>.yaml`), based on the OctoDNS config
template in `defensive-domains/dns.tmpl.yaml`. This config is not dynamic
at present, as all the DNS records should be identical, and don't depend
on the domain names in any way.
The AWS IAM user required for this DNS management system is not created or managed within this repository. Instead, it is provisioned and maintained in the separate [operations-engineering repository](https://github.com/ministyofjustice/operations-engineering).

These config files are only generated when Make needs them to carry out
some other action you specify.
This approach centralises our IAM user management and ensures that the DNS management system uses credentials that are consistently managed alongside our other operational resources.

### Updating defensive domain DNS records
## Requirements to Run Locally

If you update the list of defensive domains, or the OctoDNS config
template, you can validate your changes:
- Python 3.x
- AWS IAM user with appropriate Route53 permissions

```bash
$ make defensive-domains-validate
# Prints nothing and returns 0 if everything is valid
```
:warning: **Caution:** We strongly recommend you don't run `octodns-sync --doit` locally. Instead, use the CI/CD pipeline to apply changes.

Once you're happy with your changes, you can test them without applying them:
To install dependencies:

```bash
$ make defensive-domains-noop
pip install -r requirements.txt
```

And, once you're confident that they're good to be deployed, you can apply them:
And then run the following command to preview changes:

```bash
$ make defensive-domains-apply
octodns-sync --config-file=./config.yaml
```

## License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the [LICENSE](LICENSE) file for details.