Fix Badge component default settings

[rurikoaraki]

Platforms Impacted

• iOS
• macOS
• win32 (Office)
• windows
• android

Description of changes

Fixing Badge component's default settings to align with SPEC:

• Appearance should default to filled, which is currently not applying as it's missing from the lookup function. Due to this, badgeColor prop did not work properly.
• Size is currently defaulting to large, not medium as claimed by SPEC. Fixing to default to medium
• Also explicitly applying brand badgeColor default, though this seems to already be working.

Verification

Before	After

Pull request checklist

This PR has considered (when applicable):

• Automated Tests
• Documentation and examples
• Keyboard Accessibility
• Voiceover
• Internationalization and Right-to-left Layouts