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dhadka authored Feb 22, 2023
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**Newer versions of the MOEA Framework, starting with version 3.4, include a significantly faster hypervolume implementation. This project is being archived and may not receive further updates.**

This project contains a collection of open-source codes for computing the hypervolume of a Pareto set. The codes may have been modified
from their original sources in order to standardize their interfaces. All codes posted here are compatible with the
[MOEA Framework](http://www.moeaframework.org). Refer to section 10.1 in the MOEA Framework Beginner's Guide for additional information
on using external hypervolume calculators.
from their original sources in order to standardize their interfaces. Please refer to the documentation and license information included with
each implementation for additional details.

The setup instructions below show how to compile and configure each implementation with the [MOEA Framework](http://www.moeaframework.org).
Refer to section 10.1 in the MOEA Framework Beginner's Guide for additional information.

## WFG Setup

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## Performance

The performance of any hypervolume calculation is dependent on the number of objectives (dimensions). Below is a very rough comparison of the performance of each approach, starting with the 4-objective DTLZ2 reference set:

Built-in: 0.618 seconds
WFG: 0.576 seconds
HOY: 0.561 seconds

And for the 6-objective DTLZ2 reference set:

Built-in: 64.854 seconds
WFG: 0.660 seconds
HOY: 2.430 seconds

Note: the built-in calculation is the hypervolume calculation included in the MOEA Framework by default. Due to differences in licensing, the WFG
and HOY codes can not be distributed within the MOEA Framework. However, following the instructions above, you can enable the WFG or HOY
calculations for your personal use.
The performance of any hypervolume calculation is dependent on the number of objectives (dimensions) and the number of points in the Pareto front.
Below is a very rough comparison of the performance of these implementations:

Data Set | Objectives | Built-in | ./wfg2 | ./hv
----------- | ---------- | -------- | ------- | ------
DTLZ2.2D.pf | 2 | 252 ms | 275 ms | 273 ms
DTLZ2.3D.pf | 3 | 251 ms | 293 ms | 280 ms
DTLZ2.4D.pf | 4 | 296 ms | 322 ms | 303 ms
DTLZ2.6D.pf | 6 | 468 ms | 359 ms | 682 ms
DTLZ2.8D.pf | 8 | 5.8 sec | 1.5 sec | 101 sec

This leads to a few conclusions:
1. The built-in implementation is close in performance to its natively compiled variant WFG. We only begin to see a difference with 8+ objectives.
2. Users performing many hypervolume calculations with 8+ more objectives could still benefit from using the compiled WFG implementation

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