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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Intro to Visualization</title>
<meta name="description" content="Intro to Viz">
<meta name="author" content="Frank Elavsky">
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</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section>
<h1>Intro to Visualization:</h1>
<h3><i>How to make more effective charts and graphs</i></h3>
<p>
<i>Frank Elavsky, Data Visualization Specialist
<br>Research Computing, Northwestern University</i>
</p>
</section>
<section>
<h1>These slides:</h1>
<h3><a href='https://nuitrcs.github.io/intro_to_viz_workshop'>nuitrcs.github.io/intro_to_viz_workshop</a></h3>
</section>
<section>
<h1>This repo:</h1>
<h3><a href='https://github.com/nuitrcs/intro_to_viz_workshop'>github.com/nuitrcs/intro_to_viz_workshop</a></h3>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/1bad.PNG' style='width:35%; height:auto'>
<p>Chart literacy is important.</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/1a_bad.PNG' style='width:35%; height:auto'>
<p>Not just for the audience, but for communicators too.</p>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Visualization is a</h3>
<h1>Chainsaw</h1>
<p><i>Use wisely.</i></p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/2bad.png' style='width:75%; height:auto'>
<p>This is the chart version of a chainsaw massacre.</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/3bad.jpg' style='width:55%; height:auto'>
<p><i>Think</i> about your data! How did this happen?</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/4bad.jpg' style='width:65%; height:auto'>
<p>An honest mistake... or?</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/5bad.png' style='width:75%; height:auto'>
<p>Poor designer put their own name on this one.</p>
<p style='font-size: 75%'>From Smashing Magazine's series: <a href='https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2010/05/imagine-a-pie-chart-stomping-on-an-infographic-forever/
'>"Imagine a pie chart stomping on an infographic forever"</a></p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/6bad.jpg' style='width:23%; height:auto'>
<p style='position:absolute;float:right; top:50%'>An "automated" visualization report.<br>Yikes.</p>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Gestalt Principles:</h3>
<h1>Hacking the Mind</h1>
<p><i>AKA: the “chainsaws of visual communication”</i></p>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Proximity</h1>
<p>(creates categories)</p>
<video width='65%' src="files/1proximity.mp4" type="video/mp4" controls>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Similarity</h1>
<p>(creates subcategories)</p>
<video width='65%' src="files/2similarity.mp4" type="video/mp4" controls>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Contrast</h1>
<p>(creates focus)</p>
<video width='65%' src="files/3contrast.mp4" type="video/mp4" controls>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Commonality</h1>
<p>(creates connections)</p>
<video width='65%' src="files/4commonality.mp4" type="video/mp4" controls>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Continuity</h1>
<p>(creates flow)</p>
<video width='65%' src="files/5continuity.mp4" type="video/mp4" controls>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Closure</h1>
<p>(creates suggestion)</p>
<video width='65%' src="files/6closure.mp4" type="video/mp4" controls>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Figure-Ground</h1>
<p>(creates entry-point and layers)</p>
<video width='65%' src="files/7figure_ground.mp4" type="video/mp4" controls>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Common Fate</h1>
<p>(creates meta-categories)</p>
<video width='65%' src="files/8common_fate.mp4" type="video/mp4" controls>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Quick thanks to Pablo Stanley</h1>
<a href='https://twitter.com/pablostanley/status/974303621092225024
'>@pablostanley</a>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Big Picture: Empathy and Awareness</h1>
<p><i>Your skill in these will define whether your visualization is successful or not.</i></p>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Data is painful.</h1>
But you have <a href='https://hbr.org/2006/12/the-curse-of-knowledge'><i>the curse of knowledge</i></a>
</section>
<section>
<h1>So what do you do?</h1>
<p><i>Hint: it's time to take notes!</i></p>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Audience, Purpose, Context</h1>
<p><i>The holy triumvirate: </i>Who, why, and where</p>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Audience</h1>
<p><i>Who is your visualization for?</i><br>This is the first and most important consideration.</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/1audience.png'>
<p>I'm not sure even astrophysists know what this means.<br><i>Disciplines intersecting over Equation of State. Ozel F, Freire P. 2016. Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 54:401-40
</i></p>
</section>
<section>
<p>The geometry lies, but communicating data is the whole point here.<br><i><a href='https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/decentralized-content-marketing-playbook
'>Infographics are the worst at this.
</a></i></p>
<img src='files/2audience.png' style='width:25%; height:auto'>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/3audience.jpg'>
<p>This color scale is very bad, but if meteorologists did things differently, the public would lose their minds.<br><i><a href='http://Texasstormchasers.com
'>Texas Storm Chasers
</a></i></p>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Purpose</h1>
<p><i>Why are you visualizing data?</i><br>How can you measure your success if you don't define your purpose?</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/1purpose.png' style='width:60%; height:auto'>
<p>This is <b>explaining</b> data to a general audience - a little fluff is acceptable to keep their interest.<br><i><a href='https://insight.kellogg.northwestern.edu/article/neuroscience-can-predict-movie-sales'>Brain response predicts movie sales.
</a></i></p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/2purpose.png'>
<p>This is <b>learning</b> data for your own analysis - not meant to be pretty.<br><i>Using ggplot to test data</i></p>
</section>
<section id="interactive">
<iframe width='26.5%' height='810px' style='background:white' src=""></iframe>
<iframe width='35%' height='810px' style='background:white' src=""></iframe>
<p>This is <b>exploring</b> the dimensions of the data - meant for the audience to learn something (not you)<br><i><a href='https://insight.kellogg.northwestern.edu/article/how-will-automation-affect-different-united-states-cities'>"How will Automation Affect Different US Cities?"
</a></i></p>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Context</h1>
<p><i>Where does the visual end up?</i><br>You can do a lot differently depending on the answer to this question.</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/1context.jpg' style='width:50%; height:auto'>
<p>Editors: "Print. Small size. No color." (Given the context, this isn't too shabby!)<br><i><a href='http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/18/12/3349
'>Lung Cancer Epidemiology</a></i></p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/2context.png' style='width:45%; height:auto'>
<p>Small multiples are great for many static dimensions (if you have the room)<br><i><a href='http://andrewgelman.com/2009/07/15/hard_sell_for_b/'>"Public support for vouchers"
</a></i></p>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Time+scope are part of context too!</h1>
<p><i>How long do you have and how much do you do?</i><br>Don't wait until the end of your research or analysis before you consider this.</p>
</section>
<section>
<iframe id='ligo' src='' width='100%' height='950px' ></iframe>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Let's check your skills real quick.</h1>
<p></p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/9pie.PNG' style='width:55%; height:auto'>
<h1>This is a monster.</h1>
<p>Tell me why. What is wrong with this?</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/10explode.PNG' style='width:55%; height:auto'>
<h1>Which wedge is largest? Smallest?</h1>
<p>This is a case of <i>too much dimension</i> for the data.</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/11bar.PNG' style='width:55%; height:auto'>
<h1>Default bar version from excel</h1>
<p>What can we improve about this? Use <i>empathy.</i> What is hard?</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/12bar.PNG' style='width:55%; height:auto'>
<h1>Horizontal has more room for text</h1>
<p>Text is often a big limitation for the <i>context</i> of your visual.</p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/13bar.PNG' style='width:65%; height:auto'>
<h1>Cut axis, bump up font size</h1>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/14bar.PNG' style='width:75%; height:auto'>
<h1>Sort and use color to emphasize</h1>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/15compare.PNG' style='width:85%; height:auto'>
<h1>Much better.</h1>
<p>Minimize the time your audience takes to understand your <i>purpose.</i></p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/16dataink.gif' style='width:55%; height:auto'>
<h1>Edward Tufte's 'Data to Ink Ratio'.</h1>
<p><i>The golden rule of visualization.</i></p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/17datatables.gif' style='width:55%; height:auto'>
<h1>Even your tables have 'ink'</h1>
<p><i>These gifs courtesy of <a href='https://www.darkhorseanalytics.com/'>Dark Horse Analytics</a></i></p>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Now you have a task!</h1>
<h3><b>Audience: Everyone here</b></h3>
<h3><b>Purpose: Compare two groups of congress members</b></h3>
<h3><b>Context: 15 minutes, using Excel</b></h3>
<p><i>Go to the github for the file '3.xlsx' and get to work.</i></p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/18congress.PNG' style='width:75%; height:auto'>
<h1>This was my 5 minute attempt</h1>
<p><i>I want you to do better with just 10 minutes more.</i></p>
</section>
<section>
<img src='files/19congress.PNG' style='width:75%; height:auto'>
<h1>My slightly improved version</h1>
<p></p>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Whew, what a rush.</h1>
<p><i>You have all leveled up as Chart Wizards.</i> Congrats.</p>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Your take-aways:</h1>
<h3>Empathy is the key to effective visualization<br> </h3>
<h3>Audience</h3>
<p><i>Who is your reader? What about your data will be difficult for them?</i></p>
<h3>Purpose</h3>
<p><i>Why are you visualizing your data? How will you know when you have succeeded?</i></p>
<h3>Context</h3>
<p><i>Where/what/when are your limitations? Do you have the scope to do what you want?</i></p>
<p> <br>Frank Elavsky, Research Computing, Northwestern IT</p>
</section>
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