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Snap Recommendation Service

This service is responsible for generating and serving recommendations for snaps.

Development

Prerequisites

  • Python 3.8

Collector

You can use docker compose up -d to start the service alongside a postgres DB. But first you'll need to follow the instructions in collector/README.md to populate the FLASK_SNAPSTORE_MACAROON_KEY env variable.

If running for the first time, you must run the following to apply migrations:

docker compose exec web flask db upgrade

Manual Setup

# create a virtual environment
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt

Running the collector

flask collector start

Server

flask run

Architecture

The Snap Recommendation Service consists of two main components:

  1. Collector (Python): A pipeline for collects data from multiple sources and processes it to generate recommendations. This is a job that runs weekly
  2. Server (Flask): Serves rankings as JSON to be consumed by other services such as snapcraft.io.

Both components use a shared database (SQLite) to store both snap data and rankings (see models.py for the schemas)

Collector

The collector is a multi-stage pipeline, each stage can be run independently if needed by running the corresponding script. The stages are:

  1. collect.py: Collecting data from the snap store [for all public (searchable) snaps].
  2. filter.py: Filter out snaps that are not suitable for recommendations (e.g snaps that don't have an icon, etc)
  3. extrafields.py Collect extra data from the snap store (e.g. active devices), this is done after filtering to reduce the number of requests
  4. score.py: Generate ratings for each snap based on multiple categories (e.g. popularity, trendiness, etc)

The entire pipeline can be run by running flask collector start which will run all the stages in order. See flask collector --help if you'd like to run a stage individually.

Server

The server is a very lightweight Flask server that serves the rankings for a given category.

DB & Migrations

Any modifications to the models inside snaprecommend/models.py should result in a new migration that will be applied to the DB on the next deployment. To create a new migration:

flask db migrate -m "Added icon column"

Then apply the migration with flask db upgrade.

Any of the commands above can be prefixed with docker exec web if running using docker compose

Flowchart

flowchart TB

    subgraph "Recommendations service"
        
        subgraph "Collector (Python)"
            
            C1[Collect data] --> C2[Filter snaps]
            C2 --> C3[Collect extra fields]
            C3 --> C4[Generate ratings]
        end

        subgraph "Database (Postgres)"
            %% snapdata[Snap data]
            ratings[Ratings]
        end

        subgraph "Server (Flask)"
            S1[Serve ratings as JSON]
        end
    end

    subgraph "Snapcraft API"
        search[Search endpoint]
        metrics[Metrics endpoint]
    end
    
    search -.-> C1
    metrics -.-> C3
    C4 -.-> ratings
    ratings -.-> S1
    %% C1 -.-> snapdata
    %% snapdata -.-> C2
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